Importance of feedbacks in communication

When we learn the communication process, we may go to our childhood. Two small boxes or cups tied with a string, we used to communicate each other. A communication process can be easily explained with this example. The first end child stands a sender of message and other end of string with other child stands as receiver. Here the sting serves the mediator to communicate.  If there is any problem in between the strings the communication interrupts or there may not be feedback. Feedback means the response to the sender from a receiver end. The importance of feedback is discussed under.

      Continuous flow of communication is delivered. Communication process is a never ending process. It rotates like a cycle. When there is a feedback receives the cycle process moves. But if there is no response, the entire process goes down. For example in a telephone conversation if something happens in the telephone cable there will not be any response, this leads to stoppage of communication. A good feedback ensures measurement of efficiency. A feedback in a communication process is a scale to measure the efficiency of a communication. If a manager instructs a sub ordinate, but there is no response then it is inefficient communication. The feedback shows how much the receiver understands and comprehends things.

    Based upon the reactions of the receiver and sender in a communication process can take decisions. Each of the individual should understand what his role to perform and to do. Then only there will be a good feedback happens and ultimately leads to decision making. Such decisions are strongly made and implemented. Half heard half done leads to failure. Feedback is very important to exchange the facts and ideas. The each end of the communication process is there to exchange the message which is ideas, facts or gestures. If there is no feedback then the ideas will stay in one end. The accuracy of facts and figures is done only when there is a good feedback from the receiver. Also feedback helps in maintaining relationship. The relationship among people is very important both in personal and business environment. A poor feedback leads poor result. An old example can be brought here. “Hang him not, let him free.” It was a verdict from court which misinterpreted by the Judge led to release of a criminal.

Importance of communication in business

Can we imagine a world without communication? That may be a world with darkness and there is no living being. Nobody can live without communicating things. As a social human being, it is important fulfill one’s needs and wants. How it is achieved by a good communication. Communication is the process of transferring the ideas or thoughts from one end to another. This is very important for a business concern as it has to perform lot of activities. The importances of communication in business are:

    Smoothness of relationship in the organization can be ensured. A business organization is there to achieve a particular goal. Each of the employees should be directed to that goal. How it is done through a good relationship among the employee and employer. There will be formal and informal groups in which people interact. A good communication enables them to be emotionally satisfied with the firm. There should be order and instruction should be passed and feedback to be received. Also it enables to integrate management activities. An organization has lot of management activities such as planning, directing, controlling, organizing, etc. And also there are function department such as marketing, finance, personal etc. There is a very important task to coordinate each departments and activities within the department.

   A business concern has to consider the outside parties of business. They are the people externally link and support to organization. Creditors, supplies, dealers, agents are the important external parties to the business. They have to be communicated timely to pass information and receive income. Even scholar from an institution should be treated gently by the organization as he finds the all the practices of an organization. Communication with Government authorities is very crucial point in which the firm has to give its full details to the local government before its formation. Then only the government issues the certificate for establishing the firm. Each year the firm has to submit its balance sheet and financial details to government. The business concern has to deal with legal requirement of environmental, labor problems also.

Determinants of plant location

     People who wants build a house will first think of where to build the house. The cost of the site, transportation, water, electricity and other accessibility are the factors to be checked and the decision will be taken.  Likewise a business concern especially a manufacturing concern has to check different factors before selecting a plant. This is one of the crucial decisions for any organization. This serves the center of control. They are:

    Cost of the site is the first determinant which talks about the cost of land. Any manufacturing concern makes an allocation of money for purchasing land, if it is higher than the allocated; they will look for another. The organization decides the site should be somewhere on the middle of the city, of course they have to pay a lot to get the desired one. It will become a center of attraction.  Another important factor is the access to its market. This should be very near which enables the market to understand the demand and supply of the product. According to the demand and supply the marketer can supply goods. Especially the goods which are in perishable goods need to sell it fast. Also the industrial goods production should be located to near to the related industries to sell the products.

Transportation facilities play a crucial role while selecting a location. It is known as the nervous system of business.  Because from the day of beginning construction of building the transportation takes all the machines and materials till the end of the organization. Efficient and smooth transportation system makes a clear functioning of the organization. The block in the transportation system leads to huge loss of money and consumers. Also the power sources are a necessary factor that needed to run business vehicle. Available of electricity, fuels, coals are very necessary for a manufacturing concern. Fuels available near to the manufacturing concern reduce the cost of bringing it. Power interruption leads to the interruption of total concern.

  Climate condition is another factor that decides to select a location. The climate conditions which are not suited for certain industries will effect inversely. Because chemical products very not need too much hot situation, agricultural products need moderate climate. Climate which is against the industry to run affects the business. Continuous rainfall, snowfall places are hazardous to business. The immediate labor availability of labor is a critical factor too. Because without labor no organization can work. The labor should be available at an adequate payment. Most of the organization recruits employees from the local area where the plant located. This helps the employees to get the job near to their family.  

Importance of maintenance management

I have a Honda bike, every day I clean it before I go to college and after coming from college. I change engine oil in each 3 month period. I place the vehicle for servicing at least 3 times in a year. So I got lot of advantages such as my bike is always ready to use, I get a good mileage, no sudden breakdown, safety determine when we come to a manufacturing concern where machine are used to produce goods, the maintenance of each machine are very important. So the maintenance is the process of plains is the machines and equipment in good working condition. The importances of maintenance are discussed under.

  It reduces the cost. An organization that doesn't have a good maintenance policy will realize only when a huge loss is comes after a sudden breakage. A breakdown leads to idle time and payment to workers; interest etc will enrich the cost of production. To repair the equipment from beginning is quite difficult, time consuming and highly expensive. Understanding how to reduce the production cost reflects the entire functions of the organization. Also it reduces the wastage of raw materials. When an organization maintains its machine in a good condition, there will not be destructive products. This will ensure the reduction in the cost due to wastage of raw materials. Today majority of the organization reduces their wastage and with less wastage they convert that into raw material again. When the raw material cost increases, reduced wastage leads to a good advantage to the organization.

  Maintenance management ensures quality of output. The output of every organization determines the acceptance and rejecting of the products. If the output is of bad quality people definitely reject it. Whatever the quality awards the organization gains, a small mistake in the maintenance costs the quality of output. A small defect in a product sometimes leads to cancellation of the entire batch the products produced. Also maintenance management policies bring competitive advantage. Competitive advantages are the advantage one and above the competitor. This can be achieved with the help of good machine and equipment. A good plant and machines ensure a correct timely and quality product which can be used to compete with the competitions. Every organization focuses on the quality, less cost on their product. Once these are achieved they can implement other features over the product there by they achieve competitive advantage.

Types of maintenance in a manufacturing organisation

A human body should be maintained with food, water and exercises. Otherwise one’s efficiency to do work will slowly go down. Likewise the some phenomena have to be done in maintaining the plants and machines in a manufacturing concern. Different kinds of maintenance are:

        Breakdown maintenance

This is the maintenance policy which arises only when the machines get breakdown. The manufacturing concern never bothered about the maintenance using lubricants or other periodic inspection until the machines get breakdown. The breakdown may happen due to the tear wear of the machinery. That is the aging or decaying of different parts of the machine. Advantages of breakdown maintenance are: The first advantages are that there is no special post for maintaining the machinery. The maintenance can be done when any breakdown arises. The cost and care can be reduced. Maximum utilization of machines can be done when it is in working condition. Less time and care is needed. The workers can start their duty on time and finish things fast without any maintaining function. Organization need not make any arrangement of shutting down the machines and clearing it. Demerit of breakdown maintenance is that it is considered as the inefficient maintain policy. When the breakdown happens there will be huge loss for the concern. A breakdown goes on interrupted leads to idle time and waste of paid money to workers.

      Preventive maintenance and Predictive maintenance

       This is the maintenance which is done before the breakdown of a machine. This can be done with the help of daily inspection and checking of machines and equipment. There will be always preventive measures to be set. Any small unusual sounds or slowdowns will be inspected and repaired in advance. Advantages of preventive maintenance are: Smooth running of equipment can be done by using the policy. No interruption will be in the work environment. Sudden breakage and huge loss can be avoided. Predictive maintenance is the maintenance policy in which the maintaining time can be predicted. For example, while purchasing a bike or car we will get the time of its first services in particular kilometers of drive.  Certain machine has to be maintained when it reach a particular temperature or pressure. This is very effective one as it can predict the time and date of maintenance. So the in charge persons can plan things according to.

      Running maintenance and Shut down maintenance

 This maintenance is done while the machine is working. Lubrication for crushing machine are example. This is done when the machine works for hours without stoppage. There will be clear monitoring for such maintenance. The workers have to check oil level every day before they start the work and after finishing it. Shut down maintenance is done when the machine doesn't work in the day today run. This is happened in the off days. Cleaning and painting of machines are done at the weekend is an example. The off seasons of certain organizations are usually used for shut down maintenance. An ice-cream firm may shut down the plant in winter or rainy season.

    

Features of a group

A single hand always lacks lot. But when join so many hands together my demerit becomes merit to another. We fill our demerits and nourish with merits and make the team attractive. A group is a collection of two or more than two people gathered together to achieve a particular goal. The features of a group are discussed under.

A collection of two or more people is a group. A single person cannot be called as a group. When there are two or more people stays together to share their opinions or make something, it becomes a group. We may find lot of groups everywhere in any society as the people may gather together with people who have similar taste and interests. A group gets a collective name. When a group is formed it will get its name. This name may come from the individual’s in the group. Each of the members is called in the name of the group. Also they show similar behavior. A study group X man is an example of collective name where a group of people gather for studying or preparing for exam.

When two or more people come together, there will be a goal to be achieved. It may be studies and researches, shopping, entertainment etc. To achieve a goal with two hands is difficult. When it comes together it finds more comfortable. Also there will be continuous discussion among the team members. IF a group is formed for shopping purpose, the individuals will talk about the products and services. There will be consumers of that product and prospects. The consumers can convince the other guys the features. Also others can question him about the product.

There should be a reason behind everything to form a group. Without which no group is formed. They are:

The first reason is the achievement of goal. When people hold hands together the goals will be achieved fast. People gathered for a project work where each individual has a goal to be achieved. He finds his tasks and asks for the further improvement to his colleagues. Also most of the find relaxed when they are in a group. They break jokes and find secured among the people. The informal gathering of any organization is mainly focused on relaxing and escaping from the work environment. When there is tight schedule of works and frustrations, this helps from such things.

We are living a world with lots of threats. When we are in a group even though we have problems we can face it. If there is an employment threat arises in an organization people can protest against it standing in a group. Mainly the labor unions are formed out of this need. People can protest against their justice. People find power through groups too. Certain groups in an organization may holds power, this can be shared when one individual join in it. A group in an organization people has strong relationship with top level management tends to be the strong. They can influence the decisions in the organization. This may result people to join in it. People always find status in joining a group. Certain clubs such as Lions club, Y's men club, Rotary etc. brings status to people. The status level is shared with the people in a group. The different clubs gained such status with such people in it.

Factors affecting Job Satisfaction

Sometimes we may feel after having dinner from a restaurant, we are not satisfied with it. If it is so, we will be frustrated and feel it is not good. Next time we will not take dinner from the particular restaurant. There may be several reasons for that. The arrangement of food, taste, how it is being served, cost is the factors that we got dissatisfied with the dinner. The example can be related with job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is the inner or psychological feeling of factors that lead a person to do his tasks. If one is not satisfied in his job, we can say that there is some problem with him or with the job. The factors affecting job satisfaction are as follows.

 What is your education level? This is the question always raised, when there is a career interview. A person who has less educated always has to confine to do low profile jobs. People with high profile go high. This difference makes large difference in job satisfaction. An MBA holder always looks a career which opts for him. Instead of that if he gets a career in which a low class educated guy does, surely he will be dissatisfied. Also a question of how old is you come one of the factor? The age factor is crucial when it comes to the job satisfaction. A fresher to an organization always will have certain expectation that leads to high job satisfaction, but when he approaches to middle age, it reduces. Again when he approaches to the retirement stage. The young guys are always tending to more effectively and efficiently. As they reach out an institution after education, they are new and do things with innovative ideas and talent.

What is the job? This question answers the nature of the job one has to perform. This job may be a high level profile or low profile. The low level profile people always show dissatisfaction. Jog content is always a question because it tells the duties and responsibilities one should do. If the duties and responsibilities are comparatively good and getting the recognition in an organization one will be satisfied with that. Also the job environment in which an employee is secure in an organization in terms of physical and employment is another factor. If there is threat of physical damage from machines and equipments, people find difficult to do it. The mining organizations are the highly threat organization. The basic facilities of ventilation, safety, water are ensured not properly. Such organization people won’t prefer to work. The management policies and decisions too play a role in job satisfaction. How a management takes the policies regarding salary, incentives and super vision will affect the satisfaction of employees. If these policies are liberal and favorable to employees they find satisfaction in their job. A highly supervised without labor friendly approach workers tend to move back.

Features of Motivation

In a chemical reaction chemist use the term catalyst which is a chemical that accelerate the speed of chemical reactions. Similar way, management people always relate motivation as a catalyst for business activity. When it is applied on a required level of motivation, the business results gets done faster. Motivation and its importance have been discussed earlier. The characteristics of motivation are.

 Motivation always relates with needs and wants. Human needs and wants are always there to fulfill. When there is a need arises, one performs well to achieve it. For example, if an employee finds that he has a growth opportunity in the firm as an assistant human resource manager, he will surely come in early morning and work as much as possible for the achievement of that goal. The needs and wants make a strong desire in once life to achieve goals. Also it is a cyclical process. The wheel of a vehicle always rotates. In the same manner the motivation process rotates. When there is a need arises, the rolling of the wheel starts and rotates once until the need fulfills. Again there come so many needs, process proceeds.

As human beings are different in their psychological and physiological behavior, the managers find difficult to understand the persons and give proper motivation to people at optimum level. If this task fails it results in the individual performance and the organizational performance. So it is critical task to give proper motivation at right time at right level. Also it is in continuous in Nature. Motivation process both in business and personal life goes on till the end of organization’s and person’s life. It has to be given on regular basis to achieve short term and long term goals. As the needs and wants of the individual goes on increasing motivation process also goes on. A beginner of an organization wants to be middle level manager; once he reached there he wants to go to top level. This process goes on.

In a business concern, the motivation can be done in the way of incentives. The different kinds of incentives are financial incentives and non financial incentives.  Financial incentives are the monitory benefits especially payment given to employees for their additional work. For example, if an employee is allotted to work for 20 pieces a day and the employee brings 25 pieces a day from his work, then he will be paid incentives for additional 5 units. Non financial incentives are the incentives that there is no money related aspects. But he will be appreciated or recognized by the organization for his work done. Certain organization places a black board or notice board on the work place which shows the list of good performers of the day or week. This gives recognition to the employees.

Importance/Advantages of Motivation

There is a saying that there is a lady behind the victory of a man .What the lady does for the man is motivation. Everybody has a purpose to fulfill. It should be reminded and get inspired with lot of positive thoughts and activities. Motivation is the process of filling positive energy to achieve the goals and to move in the right way. Sometimes the motivation has a negative purpose to be achieved. However behind every success, there is a motivator. People who made success in life revealed the secret that motivated in their life. Motivation is the process of inspiring people to do required things. This is explained in relation with business aspects as inspiring the employees to get the work done and achieve the individual and organizational goals.

As the human power is the backbone of every organization, they should be empowered and motivated. This leads to the success. The importance of motivation is discussed. Increased productivity is the first point can be discussed. Productivity is known as the output and input ratio. This can be done only with the help of employees. Once the employees are encouraged to work with incentives whether monitory or non monitory basis, the entire productivity increases to incredible level. Each and every individual contribution is necessary for the total productivity. Also it leads to the faster achievement of goals. The management decides to set up a goal which is to be achieved within a certain period of time. The employees have to be given the incentives as they perform. This leads to speed of achievement of goals. The goal decides where the organization wanted to reach. Motivation helps as catalyst to boost up the goals.

Ensuring personal relations in work environment becomes another importance for motivation. Motivated employees always work without any interruptions in the day to day life. They will be always satisfied with job. There will not be any disputes or conflicts. It leads to good human relations with colleagues and superiors. Also ensures less labor turnover ratio in an organization. When employees are motivated and maintained very well, there will not be any leaving of employees or absenteeism from employees. Employees always feel that they are worthy to the organization where they feel like home.

Functions Advertising Agency

Advertising is a crucial element of every business organization, whether it is small or large scale. Because advertisement brings a major part of profit and brand image to the firm. Most of the large scale organization may have an advertisement wing. They take care the advertisement activities. If the ad works needs specialization they go for outsourcing. But for a small scale business firm may always have to go for external parties for their advertisement operations. This is mainly due to low financial position and inadequate availability of specialized people in the organizations. An advertisement agency is a separate or independent organization that takes care of advertisement on the behalf of companies.

     Advantages of going for an ad agency are; A firm advertise with the help of an ad agency can concentrate to its production operation and increase its efficiency. The agency will serve best output with the market update information and technology and financially poor firms get advantage of less cost and good return. Different media an advertisement agency focus are print (Print media covers newspapers, magazines and other written materials.), visual (media: Visual media mainly involves television and movie theaters. The advertiser focuses to make ad campaign in the prime time of this media.), audio based (media mainly based on radios.), internet (comes as advertisement in websites or blogs).

     

Functions of Ad Agency

The first function comes the preparation of advertisements. An ad agency takes care all the activities of an advertisement program once the order and allocation of funds is done by the firm. One of the important area where the ad agency concentrates on making of ad copies and films which will include A to Z matters of products and services. The ad agency buys Ad spaces for its client too. The major function of ad agency is buying the spaces of different media. For a newspaper it is difficult to get the cover page which is expensive and busy one. Ad agency may have direct contact with media where they can easily purchase ad space and bargain for the economical price for it.

                  Ad agency helps in selection of Media. An advertisement which is concentrated to readers or researchers cannot be placed in an entertainment media like television or movie theaters. It should be reached through magazines or newspapers. The marketer should identify who are his target viewers. The ad agency helps the marketer assigning correct media. It also takes the advertisement researches too. An advertisement once displayed does not matter if it has made any impact over the target viewers. There should be a continuous research and feedback system for measuring the efficiency of advertisement. This covers the efficiency of ad copy, time of advertisement, duration, area covered and media.